According to the majority of sociologists

Question 1 of 25
1.0 Points
According to the majority of sociologists,
today, deviance no longer exists.
True

False

Question 2 of 25
1.0 Points
Nearly all people today believe in the
axiom, “live and let live”; they do not make evaluations
of others on the basis of their behavior.
True

False

Question 3 of 25
1.0 Points
“Situational” deviance is a society-wide
attribute which applies in all social circles in a given
society.
True

False

Question 4 of 25
1.0 Points
Some deviant beliefs are factually correct.
True

False

Question 5 of 25
1.0 Points
Most sociologists of deviance argue that:
A.Since it is unfair to label someone with
a physical handicap as a deviant, having a physical handicap is not regarded as
deviant.
B.Since lying and committing adultery are
extremely common, lying and committing adultery are not regarded as forms of
deviance.
C.Since everything can be deviant, deviance
is a meaningless concept
D.none of the above

Question 6 of 25
1.0 Points
To the sociologist of deviance, when
considering whether something is deviant or not, the
most relevant question is:
A.Does it violate human nature?
B.How do relevant audiences feel about it
and react to it?
C.How uncommon or statistically infrequent
is it?
D.How does God feel about it?

Question 7 of 25
1.0 Points
One lesson we learn from the account, “A
Computer Pirate Tells His Story,” is that:
A.Deviant behavior often has its own
intrinsic rewards; much of it is exciting, interesting, challenging, and/or
satisfying to engage in.
B.Enactors of deviant behavior are
“versatile”; if they engage in deviance in one area of life, they are almost
certainly going to do so in most other areas as well.
C.Any action that generates positive
reactions in some audiences cannot be
regarded as deviant.
D.none of the above
Question 8 of 25
1.0 Points
Sociologically, deviance takes place or
exists:
A.everywhere and anywhere people engage in
behavior, hold and express beliefs, and possess traits that others regard as
unacceptable or reprehensible
B.only among the marginal, disreputable
segments of the society
C.only in the private, secret corners of
the society
D.none of the above

Question 9 of 25
1.0 Points
Excluded from Goffman’s concept of
“blemishes of individual character” is:
A.treacherous and rigid beliefs
B.alcoholism
C.physical incapacitation
D.mental disorder

Question 10 of 25
1.0 Points
“Routine activities” theory focuses mainly
on opportunities to commit criminal behavior.
True

False

Question 11 of 25
1.0 Points
Differential association theory is
primarily an explanation based on learning.

True

False

Question 12 of 25
1.0 Points
Positivism’s central mission is:
A.devising scientific explanations for
phenomena.
B.understanding the human experience.
C.developing empathy toward human
actors.
D.predicting positive outcomes of social
situations.

13 of 25
1.0 Points
A sociologist expressing which of the
following theories would have written this quote: “Poor, dense, mixed-use
neighborhoods have high transience rates. . . . Transience weakens . . . both
formal and informal social control,” which increases the likelihood of deviant
behavior.”
A.social control theory
B.differential association theory
C.routine activities theory
D.social disorganization theory

Question 14 of 25
1.0 Points
Robert K. Merton adapted Emile Durkheim’s
theory of anomie to devise his own explanation of deviance. There are major
differences between the two theories.
A.In Durkheim’s theory, deviance is caused
by norms that are too strong; in Merton’s theory, deviance is caused by norms
that are too weak.
B.In Merton’s theory, deviance is caused by
norms that are too strong; in Durkheim’s theory, deviance is caused by norms
that are too weak.
C.In both Durkheim’s and Merton’s theories,
deviance is caused by norms that are too weak; the difference lies
elsewhere.
D.In both Durkheim’s and Merton’s theories,
deviance is caused by norms that are too strong; the difference lies
elsewhere.

Question 15 of 25
1.0 Points
Which of Merton’s “adaptations” is
exemplified by becoming a drug addict?
A.rebellion
B.innovation
C.retreatism
D.ritualism

Question 16 of 25
1.0 Points
What is the central explanatory factor of
self-control theory?
A.inadequate parenting
B.deviant socialization
C.absence of bonds to conventional
society
D.a disjunction between the culture, which
stresses success motivation, and society’s social and economic structure

Question 17 of 25
1.0 Points
Which of the following theories is most
likely to take the entire society as its unit of analysis?
A.social control theory
B.routine activities theory
C.anomie theory
D.social disorganization theory

Question 18 of 25
1.0 Points
Positivist theories see deviance as a type
of action; constructionist theories see deviance as a type of infraction.
True

False

Question 19 of 25
1.0 Points
Labeling or interactionist theory has
focused mainly or exclusively on why certain types of people engage in deviant
behavior
True

False

Question 20 of 25
1.0 Points
Feminist theorists of deviance have charged
that the field, as a general rule and until very recently, has regarded:
A.both the deviance of men and the deviance
of women have been seen as specialized deviance.
B.both the deviance of women and the
deviance of men have been seen as deviance in general.
C.the deviance of women as deviance in
general, while the deviance of men has been seen as specialized deviance.
D.the deviance of men as deviance in
general, while the deviance of women has been seen as specialized
deviance.

Question 21 of 25
1.0 Points
The theory or perspective that contradicts
or contrasts most sharply with conflict theory is:
A.consensus theory
B.symbolic interactionism
C.feminism
D.labeling theory

Question 22 of 25
1.0 Points
Which of the following questions would a
labeling or interactionist theorist be most likely to ask
A.Why don’t some people engage in deviant
behavior?
B.What happens when after someone is
condemned or stigmatized as a deviant?
C.Why are rates of deviance higher in some
societies than in others?
D.What is the social class distribution of
deviant behavior?

23 of 25
1.0 Points
Controlology, or the “new sociology of
social control,” was influenced most by the French philosopher Michel Foucault,
who argues that in the modern era, social control is:
A.necessary and positive in its
impact.
B.equitable, fostering equality in modern
society.
C.less powerful, less coercive, and less
tyrannical than in past centuries.
D.none of the above

Question 24 of 25
1.0 Points
The central, guiding, foundational concept
in all constructionist perspectives toward deviance is:
A.pathology
B.social control
C.objectivism
D.etiology

25 of 25
1.0 Points
Conflict theorists argue that the criminal
law:

A.is enforced against members of all categories and classes fairly and
equally.

B.is supported, endorsed, and regarded as fair and legitimate by the
majority of all classes and categories of the society in more or less equal
proportion.
C.tends to represent the beliefs, lifestyle,
and/or economic interests of the most powerful segments of the society.

D.is enacted mainly to protect the society from harm.