Science cannot be reduced to a simple definition
Question 1 of 50
2.0
Points
Science
cannot be reduced to a simple definition. Nevertheless, some basic statements
can describe it. Which is not one of them?
A.Science is a body of useful and
practical knowledge.
B.Scientists use “scientific methods”,
in the pursuit of knowledge.
C.Science is changeless over time.
D.Scientists use tools and mechanical
devices to reach conclusions.
Question 2 of 50
2.0
Points
Who is
often called the “first scientist”?
A.Newton
B.Einstein
C.Darwin
D.Whewell
Question 3 of 50
2.0
Points
Select
the relationship that is most accurate:
A.Science shapes culture
B.Culture shapes science
C.Science and culture shape each other
D.Science and culture are separate
entities
Question
4 of 50
2.0 Points
What
innovation was not used by early Mesopotamian civilizations?
A.A developed writing system
B.Small-scale irrigation
C.The three-field system
D.The 12-month calendar
Question 5 of 50
2.0
Points
Egyptian
medicine was highly developed in the area of
A.anatomy
B.pharmacy
C.physiology
D.epidemiology
Question 6 of 50
2.0
Points
The
Pre-socratic philosophers attempted to
A.discern the fundamental building
blocks of nature
B.explain how the gods intervened in
nature
C.develop practical war technologies
D.develop ideas of human evolution
Question 7 of 50
2.0
Points
Hippocrates
is known for his
A.theory of water displacement
B.insistence that health requires a
balance of the four bodily humors
C.idea that curing disease requires
strong medical intervention
D.surgical innovation
Question 8 of 50
2.0 Points
In
Aristotle’s philosophy
A.the earth and the heavens obeyed
the same physical laws
B.the earth and the heavens obeyed
different physical laws
C.the earth’s movements determined
the motions of the heavens
D.there was no underlying order to
the earth or the heavens
Question 9 of 50
2.0
Points
Science
in the Hellenistic Period flourished especially in
A.Athens
B.Rome
C.Carthage
D.Alexandria
Question 10 of 50
2.0 Points
Claudius
Ptolemy is known for his
A.heliocentric theory
B.implimentation of the equant in
his geocentric theory
C.blending Egyptian cosmology with
Greek astronomy
D.invention of geometry
Question 11 of 50
2.0
Points
Chinese
science
A.advanced more quickly than in the
West because of the long, stable history of the area
B.was significantly influenced by
other cultures
C.was especially innovative and showed
continuous progress
D.was controlled by the emperors
Question 12 of 50
2.0 Points
Chinese
cosmology was based on
A.observation and measurement
B.the principles of yin and yang
C.the idea that the heavens and
earth were wholly unrelated
D.the notion that everything in
nature was disordered and capricious
Question 13 of 50
2.0
Points
In
Chinese medicine, the body is seen as
A.microcosm that mirrored the heavenly
order
B.inert and gaining life only through
actions of the gods
C.a machine
D.composed of either yin or yang
Question 14 of 50
2.0 Points
Science
in the early Islamic world was
A.discouraged because it challenged
religion
B.encouraged as a way to appreciate
God and nature
C.ignored because the primary
interest was in technology
D.extremely supernatural in its
focus
Question 15 of 50
2.0
Points
The early
caliphs supported the effort to translate works of other cultures because they
A.did not want their subjects to
engage directly in scientific activity
B.wanted to keep non-Muslim scholars
living under their rule occupied
C.recognized the value of the
scholarly work of other cultures
D.were anxious to appear superior to
other cultures
Question 16 of 50
2.0
Points
Mathematics
in the 10th century Islamic world was
A.discouraged as dangerous to
religious belief
B.used to make terrestrial and
celestial measurements
C.primitive relative to that of other
contemporaneous cultures
D.largely theoretical, with little
practical application
Question 17 of 50
2.0 Points
After
the fall of Rome, the invading northern tribes
A.adopted the classical Greek
theoretical perspective of nature
B.focused on developing innovative
agricultural technologies
C.rejected all scientific and
technological activity
D.assimilated their own scientific
ideas with those of Rome
Question 18 of 50
2.0 Points
In
Islamic Spain (8th to 11th centuries)
A.Christian scholars were regularly
persecuted
B.many classical writings were
translated into Arabic and Latin
C.only incomplete fragments of
classical writings were assessable
D.interest in scientific activity
was extremely low
Question
19 of 50
2.0 Points
During
the Renaissance of the 12th Century,
A.universities began to be established
in cities
B.contact with Muslim scholars was
banned
C.churchmen hailed the defeat of
science by religion
D.the feudal system became stronger
than ever before
Question 20 of 50
2.0
Points
Astrology
in the Middle Ages was
A.rejected as a hoax
B.a respected profession
C.a subject engaged in only by
non-Christians
D.the primary tool used by physicians
in diagnosing disease
Question 21 of 50
2.0 Points
Science
in medieval Italy
A.was always inferior to that of
Northern Europe
B.was patronized by wealthy merchant
families
C.developed unique characteristics
due to Italy’s isolation from other regions
D.rejected ideas of the ancient
Greeks
Question 22 of 50
2.0 Points
Which
was a result of the advent of the printing press?
A.Scholarly dialogue was now
possible throughout Europe.
B.The printed works were full of
errors and inferior to handwritten manuscripts.
C.Printed books were costly, so only
the wealthy could afford them.
D.Only the Bible was allowed to be
printed.
Question 23 of 50
2.0 Points
Long
sea voyages in the 14th and 15th centuries was made possible by
A.improvements in the making maps
and ships
B.solving the problem of how to
determine longitude
C.ships being made bigger to
accommodate storage of more supplies
D.increase in safety features that
reduced the possibility of shipwreck
Question 24 of 50
2.0 Points
Andreas
Vesalius was
A.a 15th century physicist who
developed a theory of atomic particles
B.a Bolivian general
C.a professor of anatomy who
challenged Galen’s ideas
D.an Italian artist who illustrated
many medical texts
Question 25 of 50
2.0
Points
One of
the new diseases that ravaged Europe extensively in the 15th century was
A.epilepsy
B.gout
C.syphilis
D.ague
Question 26 of 50
2.0 Points
Which
of the following were not considered one of the themes of the Scientific
Revolution
A.Nature was a machine
B.Instruments quantified phenomena
C.Observation was the primary
investigation strategy
D.Practical values of science were
championed
Question 27 of 50
2.0
Points
Which of
the following methods did not support the techniques of inquiry during the
Scientific Revolution?
A.Experimentation
B.Induction
C.Deduction
D.Teleology
Question 28 of 50
2.0 Points
While
most scholars date the Scientific Revolution as beginning in the 16th century,
French physicist and historian Pierre Duhem argued that it began much earlier.
To which century did he believe it started?
A.12th
B.13th
C.14th
D.15th
Question 29 of 50
2.0 Points
In
studying the relationship of women to the Scientific Revolution, one labeled
this period:
A.The death of nature
B.The death of nurture
C.The death of wisdom
D.The death of women
Question
30 of 50
2.0 Points
Of
the following, who did not make scientific contributions during the Scientific
Revolution?
A.Mary Boyle
B.Sofia Brahe
C.MariaWilkelmann
D.Carolyn Merchant
Question 31 of 50
2.0 Points
Which
term is not associated with the centrality of the Sun?
A.Heliocentrism
B.Geocentrism
C.Copernicanism
D.Hermeticism
Question 32 of 50
2.0 Points
Kepler’s
view of the cosmos is best describes as:
A.Five perfect spheres
B.Five perfect solids
C.Five perfect planes
D.Five perfect planets
Question 33 of 50
2.0
Points
Which
book was authored by Kepler?
A.On the Revolutions of the Heavenly
Spheres
B.Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief
World Systems
C.The Starry Messenger
D.Harmony of the Worlds
Question 34 of 50
2.0
Points
Of the
following, which is least true about Kepler?
A.His mother was burned at the stake
for being a witch
B.He has been accused in the death of
Tycho Brahe
C.He rejected astronomy as
unscientific
D.He developed laws of planetary
motion
Question 35 of 50
2.0
Points
Galileo
made numerous contributions to science. Which was not one of his?
A.The discovery of Jupiter’s moons
B.The theory of oceanic tides on Earth
C.The science of kinematics
D.The science of celestial mechanics
Question 36 of 50
2.0
Points
Paracelsus
was notable for linking alchemy with:
A.Healing
B.Astronomy
C.Gold
D.Temperature
Question 37 of 50
2.0
Points
Which of
the following did Giordano Bruno use with his magical tradition?
A.Talisman
B.Iatrochemistry
C.Antisepsis
D.Hermeticism
Question 38 of 50
2.0 Points
Which
of the two are best described as being entwined into the fabric of the
Scientific Revolution?
A.mechanization and experimentation
B.mechanization and observation
C.observation and experimentation
D.observation and investigation
Question 39 of 50
2.0 Points
What
is the general term for a contained space in which no air exists?
A.Vacuum
B.Plenum
C.Barometer
D.Thermometer
Question 40 of 50
2.0
Points
Which of
the following individuals is most associated with air-pump experimentation?
A.Thomas Hobbes
B.Evangelista Torricelli
C.Robert Boyle
D.Aristotle
Question 41 of 50
2.0 Points
What is
the term that best describes experimentation by cutting open live organisms?
A.Dissection
B.Vivisection
C.Operation
D.Circulation
Question 42 of 50
2.0 Points
In what
settings were science experiments not performed during the early 17th
century?
A.Scientific laboratories
B.Private homes
C.Instrument shops
D.Coffeehouses
Question 43 of 50
2.0
Points
Isaac
Newton wrote the most number of words in his lifetime on what subject?
A.Physics
B.Astronomy
C.Optics
D.Religion
Question 44 of 50
2.0 Points
Newton
made contributions to many fields in his life time. Which of the following
mathematical systems did he co-discover?
A.Algebra
B.Calculus
C.Geometry
D.Trigonometry
Question 45 of 50
2.0 Points
Which
of the following is not one of Newton’s laws of motion?
A.every object either remains at
rest or motion along a straight line unless an outside force acts upon it
B.force equals mass times
acceleration
C.for every action there is an equal
and opposite reaction
D.the squares of the periods of
revolution of any two planets are equal to the cubes of their mean
distances from the Sun
Question 46 of 50
2.0
Points
The
religious viewpoint during the Enlightenment is often called deism. It suggests
that the best analogy for God is a:
A.Watchmaker
B.Scientist
C.Philosopher
D.Priest
Question 47 of 50
2.0 Points
According
to some historians like Thomas Hankins, what was the most important
Enlightenment contribution to the modernization of science?
A.Performing public demonstrations
B.Establishing royal patronage
C.Creating scientific disciplines
D.Uniting science and religion
Question 48 of 50
2.0
Points
Chemistry
developed out of the tradition of
A.Alchemy
B.Pharmacy and medicine
C.Metallurgy
D.Alchemy, medicine, and metallurgy
Question 49 of 50
2.0 Points
The
phlogiston theory was valuable because it
A.Was a correct way of explaining
transmutation.
B.Allowed combustion, calcination,
metabolic processes to all be explained by a single theory.
C.Permitted chemists to explain the
chemical world in terms of atoms.
D.Was a way to describe vital forces
in nature.
Question 50 of 50
2.0 Points
The
salons in the 18th century were
A.Establishments that provided spa
services for ladies.
B.Private venues at which women
could participate in scientific discussions.
C.Bars in Paris targeted by
prohibitionists who believed alcohol was detrimental to human health.
D.Men-only social clubs frequented
by scientists.
