AP PSYCH Advanced P – Induction reasons from evidence about some members of a class

Question 11 ptsInduction reasons from evidence about some members of a class in order to draw conclusions about allmembers of a class. It is employed in the empirical or scientific method that includes all but one of thefollowing methods given below. Which method is that?Analogical and causal reasoningFollowing custom, authorities, and traditionPersonal observationInvestigation and testingQuestion 21 ptsHypothesis is a name given to a trial idea, tentative explanation, or working assumption that can be usedto further investigation. Which of the following were hypotheses later proven to be true?A vaccine might protect people from death from smallpox.Lightning is simply a big electric spear.Gravity explains the motions of the planets.Gravity explains why apples fall from trees.Question 31 ptsAll of the following statements about inductive reasoning are true, except:Inductive reasoning could help you cook a new dish by carefully following instructionsfrom a cookbook.You could use inductive reasoning to put together a picture puzzle if all the pieces wereavailable, even if there were no box cover to show what the whole picture would look likewhen it was finished.You are out swimming in the ocean and you see some fish with prominent sharp teethswimming around you. You know that some fish with sharp teeth are predatory. You takeoff without waiting around to see if they might harm you. Your decision is based onanalogous reasoning.Inductive reasoning is also known as the scientific method.Question 41 pts"Major scientific discoveries have resulted from accidents that just happened to be given close attentionby someone who was both a curious skilled observer and an inductive thinker." This quote from the text isillustrated in the text by:The story of the discovery of penicillinThe story of the invention of buttermilkThe story of the invention of photocopyingThe story of the invention of safety glassQuestion 51 ptsAfter Ben Franklin proved that materials of different colors absorb heat differently, he went on to reasonthe people who live in tropical climates should wear white clothing. What inductive method of reasoningwas he using?He was reasoning entirely from sensory observationHe was reasoning from enumerationHe was using analogical reasoningHe was using logical reasoningQuestion 61 ptsThis fallacy is an argument that oversimplifies a situation, implying that there are only two choices whenactually there are many.Hasty generalizationFalse dilemmaWeak analogyQuestionable statisticQuestion 71 ptsThis is the fallacy of claiming without sufficient proof that permitting one event to occur would lead to achain reaction that could not be stopped.Slippery slopeWeak analogyQuestionable causeFalse dilemmaQuestion 81 pts"I would guess that the average office female makes 509 visits to the lavatory to a male’s 320, andspends 10.7 minutes there to a male’s 2.5. What management is going to put up with this ‘primp time’featherbedding at equal pay?" Which of the following is the most accurate statement about thisargument?This argument favors equal pay for men and womenThis argument is supported by questionable statisticsThis argument is not fallaciousThis argument is not supported by statisticsQuestion 91 ptsThis fallacy is the fallacy of claiming a causal connection between events without reasonable evidence tosupport the claim.False dilemma or either-orWeak analogyFalse causeQuestionable causeQuestion 101 pts"If you offer people unemployment insurance, they will become lazy and expect the government tosupport them for life." This is an example of:A false analogyA false causeA loaded questionA slippery slope fallacy