Implications for the environment

References3D Printing – Implications for the environmentI.Environmental Implications –A. Is technology 3D printing “green”?A.1.MaterialsA.1.i.RecyclableA.1.ii.PackagingA.1.iii.Transport impact on environmentA.1.iii.a.Less large scale transportA.1.iii.b.More smaller home/business deliveries of suppliesA.1.iii.c.Fewer all around shipments of raw suppliesA.2.Energy impactA.2.i.Home vs. FactoryA.2.ii.Unnecessary usageA.3.Product lifetime extendedA.3.i.Repair instead of replaceA.3.ii.Less large scale items into landfills1.) Bonanni, L., A. Parkes and H. Ishii (2008). “Future Craft: How Digital Media isTransformingProduct Design.” Design: DOI: 10.1145/1358628.1358712:2553-2564References3D Printing – Implications for the environmentThere are already intimations of what a future 3D society might look like in the present day. Theconventional retail high street includes both suppliers of manufactured objects, suppliers whocraft or repair an already manufactured item, as well as suppliers who combine variousprefabricated ingredients into a production site. A shopper might choose to purchase a mobilephone from a specialist shop, then have their shoes re-heeled and, while they wait, buysomething to eat from a donut stall where an operator uses an extrusion machine to combine amixture of dough, sugar and other ingredients into a donut that is deep-fried by a heat process.This material will help with the analysis of how green 3d printing is.2.) Bowyer, A. (2010). “Reprap.” date accessed 23 August, 2012 http://vimeo.com/5202148Additive manufacturing offers production technologies that can compete with off shoredmanufacturing by changing the rules of the game. The speed with which rapid prototyping isemerging as an alternative method for making things, coupled with advances in technology overthe last few years, has innovators talking of Wealth without money. The Reprap is designed tocopy itself because that is the most efficient way of getting a large number of them out there.There is a great description of how 3d printing affects manufacturing locally which fits in thesubject area.3.) Brenner, Joel (2011). America the Vulnerable: Inside the New Threat Matrix of DigitalEspionage, Crime, and Warfare. New York: The Penguin PressThere is a host of security issues associated with collaborative online tools. Brenner’s bookexplores the events surrounding the WikiLeaks scandal and the issues associated with security.He also examines the legal challenges that the incident presented. This article provides a greatanalysis of how 3d printing affects the public.References3D Printing – Implications for the environment4.) Chen, R. (2012). 2011 International Conference in Electrics, Communication and AutomaticControl Proceedings. New York, NY: Springer New York.The author speaks about how 3D printing and collaborative tools can bring about extendedproduct life lines by allowing the automated control procedures to be reinstated instead of usingthem continuously. 3 D printing revolutionizes the concept of using hard copies leading to paperless work environment and better security.5.) Gebler, M., Schoot Uiterkamp, A., & Visser, C. (2014). A global sustainability perspective on3D printing technologies. Energy Policy, 74, 158-167. doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2014.08.033The authors state that in order to sustain in the additive industry three dimensional printing — ormore specifically, additive manufacturing, the term generally used to mean commercial-scaleproduction using 3D printing technologies — is a concept that deserves its geek fandom. It hasrevolutionary implications as a sustainable technology. Philosophically, 3D printing is the firsttechnology that has the potential to enable a more biomimetic production model by aligning withone of nature’s fundamental tenets: the tendency to manufacture locally.6.) Krogmann, C. (2012).The Impact of Direct Digital Manufacturing on Supply Chains .Berlin,GRIN Verlag.A great leap forward for open source innovators has been to use generic stocks of raw materials,which are readily available to consumers to purchase or accumulate .Of issue here, is thediameter of the filament wire in relation to the extrusion head. By using generic feedstockinventories are greatly reduced, as they will only need to order a single kind of product that canbe used in a wide range of different printers. Hence, in the use of generic feedstock there is thepotential for considerable efficiency gains in transportation and storageReferences3D Printing – Implications for the environment7.) http://sustainabilityworkshop.autodesk.com/blog/environmental-impacts-3d-printing.At mass-manufacturing scale, 3D printers have far higher impacts per part than traditionalinjection molding. But that also doesn’t matter much, because that’s not what they’re replacing.They are replacing small custom runs of parts that are machined out of blocks of material.Sometimes 3D printers are more eco-friendly than these machining processes they’re replacing –sometimes not.Whether you’re milling or doing 3D printing, how you use the tool is the most important factorin its environmental impact. And there are many opportunities for 3D printers to improve,making huge leaps toward greener manufacturing.